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On SR latches, D latches, and why most sites get edge-triggered circuits wrong.
So my latest two boards arrived, implementing four demonstration circuits using NPN transistors: a bistable circuit using two transistors (well, four–I need two more to drive the two LEDs), an SR gate using NOR gates, an SR gate using NAND gates, and a D latch: a latch which can be used to store a single… Read more
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Different ways to make digital gates.
One of the reasons why I picked NPN transistors to make all of the digital gates in the series of videos I made three years ago was that NPN transistors were cheap on Amazon. I could buy a hundred 2N3904 transistors for around $6. But they are not the most power effective way to build… Read more
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Revising the Hacking Den web site.
So a lot has happened in the past three years. I found myself with a consulting gig that lasted more than a few months. And of course the pandemic turned the world upside down. My theory with this site, however, was that the things I build–especially transistor-based digital circuits–were essentially timeless, so it didn’t matter… Read more
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A quick update
So for the past few weeks I’ve been building 1 bit registers. And I mean a whole bunch; 32 to be precise. For registers B through E of our 8-bit digital computer. And now I’m starting to wire them together. This is a circuit which implements the entire circuit we described in Introduction to Digital… Read more
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Quick Video: The Accumulator
A new quick video with a bit of a status update: I now have a working accumulator register tied to my ALU. (I’m also working on the flags register as well as the 4 8-bit registers B through E introduced in the “Introduction to Digital Computers Part 4” video. This includes video of the ALU… Read more
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It was bound to happen.
One of the boards I designed simply does not work. Worse, it’s not a simple error: I can’t simply cut one or two lines on the board and run jumpers. Turns out a bunch of resistors were incorrectly wired to power–and cutting them would require so much work it’s easier to basically start over again.… Read more
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A quick status update to a computer made of transistors…
Why build one when you can build 8, string them together in a primitive card cage and wire wrap the pieces together? This is the accumulator and the ALU together for the first time. I need to build a test circuit and verify the connections before I video tape this part of the work. And… Read more
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It’s alive!
So it turns out my 1 bit ALU–which has both circuitry for our accumulator and a tristate circuit to write to our bus, works correctly! Over the next week my plan is to assemble 8 of them and hook them up to my ALU. Read more
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My accumulator boards just showed up!
They’re nowhere near as complicated as the 1 bit ALU boards, but they do contain the accumulator circuit as discussed in our “Introduction to Digital Computers Part 4 video, along with a single tristate circuit for allowing the contents to be written to our bus, as discussed elsewhere in the same video. These accumulator circuits… Read more
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Announcing a new Quick Video: Building an ALU.
So this one is a little different; in this video I show the steps to go from the design of an arithmetic logic unit to actually demonstrating a working 8-bit ALU, made entirely out of 2N3904 transistors. The show notes include links to circuit diagrams and files in case you may want to build your… Read more
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I am unreasonably happy that my 1 bit ALU board works.
One thing about my “Introduction to Digital Computers” series I wanted to verify was that all the circuits designed in the series in fact works correctly. And one aspect of that–which we introduced in the first part of the fourth video–was the complete ALU. While I’ve taken the liberty to do some minor redesigns (so… Read more
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Introduction to Digital Computers 4: Computer Architecture
Okay, this took much longer than I wanted it to. But finally the fourth video for our Introduction to Digital Computer series! In this fourth video I start to tie the pieces together. We first finish the Arithmetic Logic Unit, then we tie it in with six registers: an accumulator, flag register, and four general… Read more
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Showing the weather.
So here’s a quick little Arduino project which combines an Ethernet shield, a display shield and an Arduino-compatible Adafruit Metro to display the current weather and forecast. The goal of this project was to pull weather data from a remote server (in this case, the DarkSky API) to display the current temperature, weather and a… Read more
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Introduction to Digital Computers: an Update.
So here’s where the next video stands. First, as I noted in a previous blog post, I’ve settled on an 8080-like MPU with 6 8-bit registers and an internal 8-bit bus. Now to make an internal 8-bit bus work, you nee a tri-state gate, a logic circuit which can be used to disconnect our logic… Read more
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Making Circuit Boards.
So one of my goals of my series “Introduction To Digital Computers” is to show the design of a computer that can be built entirely out of NPN transistors. The idea is that by showing the design of a digital computer from the absolute ground up–from something you can hold in your hands rather than… Read more
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A note about the next Introduction To Digital Computers video.
I originally planned to try to get this video out by the end of October. But I just returned from a two week trip to Spain and the south of France–and before I release a video which starts to tie together the registers developed in the third video with the arithmetic logic in the second… Read more
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Introduction to Digital Computers 3: Flip Flops
It’s been about a month, and here’s the third video explaining how computers work from the ground up. In this third video I discuss flip flops. Starting with two not gates hooked together I discuss how a bi-stable circuit operates, extend this using NOR gates to Set/Reset flip flops, build data flip flops, edge-triggered data… Read more
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Gear Tooth Geometry.
I feel like, with making the first two “Introduction to Digital Computers” videos I’ve gained a superpower. And I’ve used that power to help me visualize and solve another problem I was having, figuring out the shape of spur gears (and eventually, internal spur gears, the next major feature I’d like to add to the… Read more
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A second pass at my earth/moon orrery.
I’ve come to realize making something from scratch winds up building a bunch of prototypes as you both perfect the plans and figure out how to make the parts. And in my case, while the plans may be great–my ability to machine parts is… shall we say questionable? At any rate, I have a second… Read more
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Announcing a new Quick Video: A Full Adder
When we used NPN transistors to build our logic gates, it implies they can be used for building bigger things. In this video I’ve built a full 1 bit adder from our second Introduction video, entirely from discrete transistors. Build 8 of these–and you have an 8-bit adder. The show notes include the complete circuit… Read more